NAPL & DNAPL Treatment Approaches
Specialized in-situ remediation strategies for creosote, coal tar & MGP Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid contamination — contact IET for a free NAPL site evaluation
Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids (DNAPLs) represent some of the most challenging environmental contamination scenarios. These immiscible liquids are denser than water and can migrate deep into subsurface formations, creating long-term sources of groundwater contamination.
IET has developed specialized treatment approaches for NAPL sites, with particular expertise in creosote, coal tar, and manufactured gas plant (MGP) contamination. Our patented technologies and proven methodologies have successfully addressed some of the most complex NAPL challenges across the United States.
Why NAPL Sites Require Specialized Treatment
- Traditional pump-and-treat systems are ineffective at removing NAPL source mass
- DNAPL can persist for decades, continuously feeding dissolved-phase plumes
- Complex mixtures require multiple treatment mechanisms
- Cost-effective solutions must balance source reduction with flux control
In Situ Geochemical Stabilization (ISGS), IET's Proprietary, Exclusively Licensed Technology
In Situ Geochemical Stabilization (ISGS) is IET's innovative approach to NAPL remediation. Unlike traditional ISCO applications, ISGS focuses on NAPL encapsulation rather than just chemical oxidation.
Emulsified Zero Valent Iron (EZVI) Technology
Advanced in-situ remediation technology combining abiotic and biotic processes for direct DNAPL source destruction. EZVI's unique water-in-oil emulsion structure enables maximum contact with source materials while reducing dissolved phase contaminant concentrations by up to 90%.
Specialized treatment for wood treatment facilities and railroad tie sites with creosote contamination
Key Challenges
- High viscosity DNAPL
- Complex PAH mixtures
- Long-term source persistence
- Low aqueous solubility
IET Treatment Approaches
- ISGS (In Situ Geochemical Stabilization)
- NAPL encapsulation techniques
- Modified permanganate oxidation
- Source mass reduction strategies
Related Case Studies
Former manufactured gas plants and coal gasification facilities with coal tar DNAPL
Key Challenges
- Dense product accumulation
- Multi-phase contamination
- Complex hydrogeology
- Large treatment volumes
IET Treatment Approaches
- NAPL stabilization and encapsulation
- Chemical oxidation for dissolved phase
- Permanent reactive barriers
- Multi-year adaptive management
Related Case Studies
Manufactured Gas Plant sites with complex NAPL and tar contamination
Key Challenges
- Multiple NAPL types
- Deep contamination zones
- Urban/developed locations
- Regulatory complexity
IET Treatment Approaches
- Phased remediation strategies
- DNAPL mobility reduction
- Free product recovery integration
- Long-term monitoring protocols
Related Case Studies
DNAPL Reduction
Gainesville 90-acre site
Cost Savings
vs. full footprint treatment
Free Product Elimination
Fanwood coal tar site